.navbar {
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link {
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: #343a40;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link:not(.dropdown-toggle)::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: #007bff;
    transition: width 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-link:not(.dropdown-toggle):hover::after,
.navbar-nav .nav-link.active:not(.dropdown-toggle)::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-item.dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    border-radius: 0.5rem;
}

.dropdown-item {
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
}

.dropdown-item:hover {
    background-color: #007bff;
    color: #fff;
}

body {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 100vh;
}

main {
    flex: 1;
    padding-top: 56px; /* Adjust for fixed navbar */
}

/* Carousel Images */
.carousel-item img {
    object-fit: cover;
    height: 600px; /* Increased height */
    width: 100%;
}

.carousel-caption {
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    border-radius: 0.5rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.carousel-caption h5 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

.carousel-caption p {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

/* Card Images */
.card-img-top {
    height: 200px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.course-card {
    transition: transform .2s; /* Animation */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

.course-card:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05); /* (150% zoom - Note: if the zoom is too large, it will go outside of the viewport) */
}

.course-card a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

#courses {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='100' height='100' viewBox='0 0 100 100'%3E%3Cg fill-rule='evenodd'%3E%3Cg fill='%23e9ecef' fill-opacity='0.4'%3E%3Cpath opacity='.5' d='M96 95h4v1h-4v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4h-9v4h-1v-4H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15v-9H0v-1h15V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h9V0h1v15h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9h4v1h-4v9zm-1 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-9-10h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm9-10v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-9-10h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm9-10v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-9-10h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm9-10v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-10 0v-9h-9v9h9zm-9-10h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9zm10 0h9v-9h-9v9z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M6 5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h5V0h1v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v5h4v1h-4v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4h-1v-4h-5v4H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0v-1h4v-5H0V5h6z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}

.page-section {
    padding: 6rem 0;
}

.divider {
    height: 0.2rem;
    max-width: 3.25rem;
    margin: 1.5rem auto;
    background-color: #007bff;
    opacity: 1;
}

.service-box {
    max-width: 22rem;
    margin: auto;
}

/* Responsive Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .carousel-item img {
        height: 400px; /* Shorter height for smaller screens */
    }
}

.btn-xl {
    padding: 1.25rem 2.25rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 10rem;
}

.course-item {
    max-width: 26rem;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.course-item .course-link {
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.course-item .course-link .course-hover {
    display: flex;
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.9);
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity ease-in-out 0.25s;
}

.course-item .course-link .course-hover .course-hover-content {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: white;
}

.course-item:hover .course-link .course-hover {
    opacity: 1;
}

.course-item .course-caption {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: #fff;
}

.course-item .course-caption .course-caption-heading {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.course-item .course-caption .course-caption-subheading {
    font-style: italic;
    font-family: "Roboto Slab", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";
}

.social-icon {
    display: inline-block;
    height: 3rem;
    width: 3rem;
    background-color: #495057;
    color: #fff;
    border-radius: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 3rem;
    margin-right: 1rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
}

.social-icon:last-child {
    margin-right: 0;
}

.social-icon:hover {
    background-color: #007bff;
    color: #fff;
}